What is Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)?
Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) is the annualized value of your predictable subscription revenue, excluding one-off setup, implementation, or service fees.
It converts recurring cash flows into a clean annual number that finance teams use for budgeting, SaaS valuation multiples, and tracking revenue retention.
ARR also connects directly to metrics like MRR, ACV, ARPU, LTV, and net dollar retention, making it a core input for growth planning and investor reporting.
Formula
For subscription businesses, the most common ARR formulations are:
- From Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR):
- From customers and monthly ARPU:
- From customers and Annual Contract Value (ACV):
When you track changes over time, net new ARR is often decomposed as:
Example
Imagine a B2B SaaS company with 1,000 active customers and a monthly ARPU of $120.
MRR is 1,000 × 120 = $120,000, so for the current subscription base.
If the same 1,000 customers move to annual contracts with an ACV of \$2,400 each, ARR becomes , reflecting how pricing and packaging lift recurring revenue, CLTV, and ultimately enterprise value.